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SCHOLARS OF ISLAM
The verses and Hadiths that were written so far show that; there is a cure for each disease. That’s because, the scholars of Islam made researches about diseases and cures and write different books on this subject. Here are the names of some scholars ; Dineveri: He had born in Iran and lived in Basra, Kufe and Esfahan. His most important book is a botanic encyclopaedia named "Kitâb en-nebât". Another important work of him is called as “Kitâb el-bâh” and it mentions about the materials that increase the sexual power. Abu Rayhan al-Biruni He was a natural sciences scholar who was born in Turkmenistan and died in Ghazni. Over 100 books of him are present. The book about therapies called as "Kitab al-saydala fi'l-tibb” (Book of the material medica) includes information about pharmacy, drugs and their names in different languages. Almost 200 plant- sourced drugs are recorded in this study of Birûni. Drug; means specific parts of plants that are prepared for using in medicine and therapy. Akshemseddin: It is known that Akshemseddin, the teacher of Fatih Sultan Mehmed, studied in medicine and was closely interested in herbal therapy. In this period, book translations were more common. NOTE: The oldest work that was written in Turkish about this subject is named as "Edviye-i Müfrede". Edviye-i Müfrede books tell about materials that give remedy when used alone. This book, written in a simple language, includes information about the DROGS used at that times, their characteristics and also what diseases they heal. Also there were “Akrabadin”s that mention about using more than one medicines together and formularising of them. Akrabadin; was nothing but a Pharmacopeia that collects ingredients inside and has the main of structure of the current Pharmacopeia and Codex. Akrabadins and Edviye-i Müfrede books were the essential books of the chemists at those times. The most famous one of Akrabadins was written by Ibni Sina (Avicenna) and also Nuh, Salih b. Nusrullah, Vesim Abbas ,Ömer Þifai, Ali from Bursa and Suleyman Efendi have books,too. Ibni Sina (Avicenna): He is a great savant, philosopher and doctor. He created works in different areas that vary from maths to astronomy; natural sciences to medicine. He is known as “Avicenna” in the West countries. His most important works are “Shifa”(The Book of Healing) and “Kitab al-Qanun fi 'l-Tibb"(The Canon of Medicine).In his second book , he made descriptions of almost 785 plant, animal and mineral sourced drugs. Here are the drugs that are frequently mentioned in the book: Tamarind, camphor, cubebs, rhubarb, cardoon, aloe, styrax and cinnamon. Also in this book he tells about qualities and quantities of foods and drinks; climates and gender issues; the general health issues like nutrition, sleeping order; body exercises and games; bathing and scrubbing techniques; health advices for elders. Ibni Batuta He is an Arabic traveller from Tangier. He travelled trough the most of the Anatolia and also mentioned about important drugs of that region in his travel book. Evliya Chelebi: He is a famous Turkish traveller who was born in Istanbul. He had travelled in Anatolia, Balkans, East Europe, Syria, Iraq, Iran, Egypt, Caucasians, and Crimea for about 50 years and wrote “Seyahatname” (Book of travels) that is composed of 10 volumes. In Evliya Chelebi’s Seyahatname, there is information about lots of drugs used in Anatolia. It is understood that Scholars made researches on remedies of plants and explained in detail which plant composition heals which diseases in the books they wrote. Our mission here; is to transfer the information that leaks to us from their main source . There are almost 20.000 species of plants on Earth that are used for therapy. Plants are the creatures that convert the Sun energy to chemical energy in order to prepare their own nutrients. The Sun energy stored as chemical energy in plants converted back to energy and needs by biological combustions. We can subdivide the plants, which we need for living, into to compartments as; beneficial plants with nutritive value and beneficial plants without nutritive value. The beneficial plants with nutritive value are Cereal, Vegetables, Fruits, Oil and Industry plants that include nutrients like proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, organic salts and water which provide body reparation, movements , growing and body heat. The beneficial plants without nutritive value are the Stimulants, Spices and Medical herbs that imply some needs of our bodies like alkaloids, glycosides, resins and etherised oils.
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